14th Century Fashion: A Time of Opulence and Extravagance
The 14th century was a time of great change and upheaval in Europe, marked by the devastating effects of the Black Death and the rise of a new class of merchants and traders. However, despite the turmoil, fashion continued to evolve and flourish, with the wealthy elite showcasing their status through extravagant and opulent clothing.
The Rise of the Houppelande
One of the most iconic fashion trends of the 14th century was the houppelande, a loose, voluminous outer garment that was worn by both men and women. The houppelande was characterized by its narrow sleeves, high collar, and intricate fur trim. It was often worn with a cloak or mantle, and was a staple of the royal court and aristocracy.
Men's Fashion
Men's fashion in the 14th century was marked by a focus on luxury and extravagance. They wore:
- Doublets: tight-fitting jackets that were often embroidered or ornamented with precious stones.
- Hose: tight-fitting stockings that were worn with a codpiece, a decorative covering for the genital area.
- Capes: long, flowing cloaks that were worn over the doublet and hose.
- Hats: elaborate headwear that included feathered hats, turbans, and hoods.
Women's Fashion
Women's fashion in the 14th century was characterized by:
- Gowns: long, flowing dresses that were often worn with a surcoat or overdress.
- Kirtles: tight-fitting bodices that were worn over a chemise or undershirt.
- Headdresses: elaborate headwear that included hoods, veils, and wimples.
- Girdles: decorative belts that were worn around the waist.
Accessories and Fabrics
Accessories played a crucial role in 14th century fashion, with the wealthy elite adorning themselves with:
- Jewelry: precious stones, pearls, and gold and silver ornaments.
- Fur trim: luxurious fur trim was used to adorn houppelandes, cloaks, and hats.
- Velvet and silk: luxurious fabrics that were used to make extravagant clothing.
Influence of the Royal Court
The royal court played a significant role in shaping fashion trends in the 14th century. The courts of King Richard II of England and King Charles VI of France were particularly influential, with their extravagant fashion sense inspiring the nobility and wealthy merchants.
Conclusion
The 14th century was a time of great fashion innovation, with the wealthy elite showcasing their status through extravagant and opulent clothing. The houppelande, doublet, and gown were just a few of the iconic fashion trends that emerged during this period, with the royal court playing a significant role in shaping fashion sense. As we look back on this fascinating period in fashion history, we are reminded of the power of clothing to express social status, wealth, and identity.
