14 Juni 1988: Dag Hammarskjöld's 100th Birthday
Introduction
On June 14, 1988, the world celebrated the 100th birthday of Dag Hammarskjöld, a Swedish diplomat, economist, and writer who served as the second Secretary-General of the United Nations. Hammarskjöld was a prominent figure in international politics and played a crucial role in shaping the United Nations during its early years.
Early Life and Education
Dag Hammarskjöld was born on July 29, 1905, in Jönköping, Sweden. He came from a family of civil servants and politicians. His father, Hjalmar Hammarskjöld, was the Prime Minister of Sweden from 1914 to 1917. Dag Hammarskjöld studied economics at Uppsala University, where he earned his Bachelor's degree in 1925. He later pursued his graduate studies at Stockholm University, earning his Ph.D. in economics in 1933.
Career
Hammarskjöld's career in international politics began in 1930, when he joined the Swedish Ministry of Finance. He worked as a secretary and later as a counselor in the ministry until 1946. During World War II, he served as the chairman of the Swedish delegation to the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA).
In 1947, Hammarskjöld was appointed as the Swedish delegate to the United Nations General Assembly. He played a crucial role in drafting the United Nations Charter and was instrumental in shaping the organization's early years.
Secretary-General of the United Nations
In 1953, Hammarskjöld was appointed as the Secretary-General of the United Nations, succeeding Trygve Halvdan Lie. During his tenure, he focused on strengthening the UN's role in international politics, promoting economic development, and resolving conflicts.
Hammarskjöld's leadership during the Suez Crisis in 1956 and the Congo Crisis in 1960 showcased his diplomatic skills and commitment to international cooperation. He also played a key role in the formation of the United Nations Emergency Force (UNEF) and the United Nations Operation in the Congo (ONUC).
Tragic Death
On September 18, 1961, Dag Hammarskjöld died in a plane crash in Ndola, Northern Rhodesia (now Zambia), while en route to negotiate a ceasefire in the Congo Crisis. The circumstances of his death remain unclear, and various conspiracy theories have been proposed over the years.
Legacy
Dag Hammarskjöld's legacy is characterized by his commitment to international cooperation, peace, and development. He was a strong advocate for human rights, sustainable development, and multilateral diplomacy.
In 1961, Hammarskjöld was posthumously awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for his efforts to promote peace and international cooperation. He is remembered as one of the most influential and respected figures in the history of the United Nations.
Commemoration of 100th Birthday
On June 14, 1988, the United Nations General Assembly held a special session to commemorate Hammarskjöld's 100th birthday. The occasion was marked by tributes from world leaders, diplomats, and UN officials, who praised Hammarskjöld's vision, leadership, and dedication to international cooperation.
Hammarskjöld's life and legacy continue to inspire generations of international civil servants, diplomats, and peace activists. His commitment to promoting peace, development, and human rights remains an integral part of the United Nations' mission and values.
