0.1M Sulphuric Acid Preparation
Introduction
Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) is a strong acid widely used in various laboratory applications, including analytical chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. In many experiments, a specific concentration of sulphuric acid is required, and preparing it accurately is crucial to obtain reliable results. This article will guide you through the preparation of 0.1M sulphuric acid, a common concentration used in many laboratory procedures.
Materials
- Concentrated sulphuric acid (H2SO4) - 98% (w/w)
- Distilled water
- A 100 mL volumetric flask
- A measuring cylinder
- A pipette (optional)
Preparation
Step 1: Calculate the Volume of Concentrated Sulphuric Acid Required
To prepare 0.1M sulphuric acid, we need to calculate the volume of concentrated sulphuric acid required. The molarity of the concentrated acid is typically around 18M. Let's assume we want to prepare 100 mL of 0.1M sulphuric acid.
Molarity of concentrated acid = 18M Molarity of desired acid = 0.1M Volume of desired acid = 100 mL
Using the formula:
M1V1 = M2V2
where M1 is the molarity of the concentrated acid, V1 is the volume of the concentrated acid required, M2 is the molarity of the desired acid, and V2 is the volume of the desired acid.
Rearranging the formula to solve for V1:
V1 = (M2V2) / M1 = (0.1M x 100 mL) / 18M = 0.55 mL
Step 2: Measure and Add the Concentrated Sulphuric Acid
Using a measuring cylinder, accurately measure 0.55 mL of concentrated sulphuric acid. Add the acid slowly to the 100 mL volumetric flask, while gently swirling the flask to prevent splashing.
Important: Always handle concentrated sulphuric acid with caution, as it can cause severe burns and skin irritation. Wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat.
Step 3: Add Distilled Water
Slowly add distilled water to the volumetric flask, while gently swirling the flask, until the volume reaches 100 mL. Make sure to mix the solution thoroughly to ensure the acid is fully dissolved.
Step 4: Mix and Label the Solution
Mix the solution well to ensure it is homogeneous. Label the flask with the concentration of the acid (0.1M), the date of preparation, and your name or initials.
Tips and Precautions
- Always handle concentrated sulphuric acid with caution, as it can cause severe burns and skin irritation.
- Wear protective gear, including gloves, goggles, and a lab coat.
- Prepare the acid in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhaling the fumes.
- Store the prepared acid in a secure location, away from children and pets.
By following these steps and tips, you can accurately prepare 0.1M sulphuric acid for your laboratory experiments. Remember to always handle the acid with caution and follow proper laboratory protocols.
