Preparation of 0.1 M HCl Solution
Introduction
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid commonly used in various laboratory applications, such as acid-base titrations, pH adjustments, and chemical reactions. The preparation of a 0.1 M HCl solution is a fundamental procedure in chemistry laboratories. In this article, we will outline the step-by-step procedure for preparing a 0.1 M HCl solution.
Materials
- Hydrochloric acid (HCl) (37% or concentrated)
- Distilled water
- Volumetric flask (100 mL)
- Pipette or measuring cylinder
- Safety goggles and gloves
Preparation of 0.1 M HCl Solution
Step 1: Calculate the volume of concentrated HCl required
To prepare 100 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution, we need to calculate the volume of concentrated HCl required. The molarity of the concentrated HCl is typically 12 M. We can use the following formula to calculate the volume:
Volume of HCl = (Molarity of HCl solution x Volume of solution) / Molarity of concentrated HCl
Volume of HCl = (0.1 M x 100 mL) / 12 M = 0.83 mL
Step 2: Add distilled water to the volumetric flask
Add approximately 80 mL of distilled water to the 100 mL volumetric flask. This will leave enough space for the addition of the calculated volume of concentrated HCl.
Step 3: Add the calculated volume of concentrated HCl
Using a pipette or measuring cylinder, carefully add 0.83 mL of concentrated HCl to the volumetric flask containing the distilled water.
Step 4: Mix the solution
Carefully mix the solution by swirling the flask gently to ensure the HCl is fully dissolved.
Step 5: Dilute to the mark
Add more distilled water to the flask until the solution reaches the 100 mL mark.
Step 6: Mix again
Mix the solution again to ensure it is homogeneous.
Safety Precautions
- Wear safety goggles and gloves when handling concentrated HCl to prevent skin and eye irritation.
- Handle the concentrated HCl in a well-ventilated area to prevent inhalation of fumes.
- Avoid splashing the solution to prevent skin and eye irritation.
Conclusion
The preparation of a 0.1 M HCl solution is a simple and straightforward procedure. By following the steps outlined above, you can prepare a precise and accurate solution for your laboratory needs. Remember to always follow proper safety precautions when handling concentrated HCl to ensure a safe working environment.
