Preparation of 0.1 M HCl Solution: A Step-by-Step Calculation
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid widely used in various laboratory applications, including titration, pH adjustments, and chemical synthesis. In this article, we will guide you through the preparation of a 0.1 M HCl solution, including the calculation and preparation steps.
Calculating the Amount of HCl Required
To prepare a 0.1 M HCl solution, we need to calculate the amount of HCl required. The molarity of a solution is defined as the number of moles of solute per liter of solution. Therefore, to prepare a 0.1 M HCl solution, we need to calculate the number of moles of HCl required.
The molecular weight of HCl is 36.46 g/mol. Let's assume we want to prepare 100 mL (0.1 L) of 0.1 M HCl solution.
Calculation:
Molarity (M) = Number of moles of solute / Liter of solution 0.1 M = x mol HCl / 0.1 L
To find the number of moles of HCl required, we can rearrange the equation:
x mol HCl = Molarity x Liter of solution = 0.1 M x 0.1 L = 0.01 mol HCl
Now, we can calculate the mass of HCl required:
Mass of HCl = Number of moles x Molecular weight = 0.01 mol x 36.46 g/mol = 0.3646 g
Preparation of 0.1 M HCl Solution
Now that we have calculated the amount of HCl required, we can proceed with the preparation of the 0.1 M HCl solution.
Materials:
- 0.3646 g of hydrochloric acid (HCl)
- 100 mL of distilled water
- A 100 mL volumetric flask
Procedure:
- Weigh out 0.3646 g of hydrochloric acid (HCl) using an analytical balance.
- Transfer the weighed HCl to a 100 mL volumetric flask.
- Add about 50 mL of distilled water to the flask and swirl to dissolve the HCl.
- Add more distilled water to the flask until the volume reaches the 100 mL mark.
- Stopper the flask and shake well to ensure the solution is homogeneous.
Verification: To verify the concentration of the prepared HCl solution, you can perform a titration with a strong base, such as sodium hydroxide (NaOH).
By following these steps and calculation, you have successfully prepared a 0.1 M HCl solution. This solution can be used in various laboratory applications, including titration, pH adjustments, and chemical synthesis.
