Anthropologies in Canada
Overview
Anthropology in Canada has a rich and diverse history, shaped by the country's unique cultural, linguistic, and geographic diversity. Canadian anthropologists have made significant contributions to the field, influencing anthropological thought and practice globally.
History of Anthropology in Canada
The roots of anthropology in Canada date back to the early 20th century, when researchers like Marius Barbeau and Diamond Jenness began studying Indigenous cultures. In the 1950s and 1960s, anthropology departments were established at universities across Canada, paving the way for the development of the field.
Areas of Focus
Canadian anthropologists have made significant contributions to various areas of study, including:
Indigenous Anthropology
- Indigenous-settler relations: Canadian anthropologists have extensively researched the complex relationships between Indigenous peoples and European settlers, highlighting issues like colonialism, land rights, and cultural revitalization.
Medical Anthropology
- Healthcare and culture: Canadian medical anthropologists have examined the intersections of health, culture, and society, exploring topics like Indigenous health disparities, medical pluralism, and global health.
Environmental Anthropology
- Human-environment interactions: Canadian environmental anthropologists have investigated human relationships with the natural environment, focusing on climate change, sustainable development, and environmental justice.
Notable Canadian Anthropologists
Some prominent Canadian anthropologists include:
Marius Barbeau
- Known for his work on Indigenous cultures, particularly the Tlingit and coastal Salish.
Harold Conklin
- Contributed significantly to the study of Indigenous languages and cultures, with a focus on the Tagalog people of the Philippines.
Richard F. Salisbury
- Made significant contributions to the fields of economic anthropology and development studies, with a focus on Africa and Asia.
Anthropological Research Institutes in Canada
Canada is home to various research centers and institutes dedicated to anthropological research, including:
The Royal Ontario Museum
- A world-renowned museum with a strong anthropology department, featuring extensive collections and research programs.
The University of British Columbia's Museum of Anthropology
- A leading research institution dedicated to the study of Indigenous cultures, with a focus on the Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast.
Conclusion
Anthropology in Canada continues to thrive, driven by a diverse community of researchers, scholars, and practitioners. Canadian anthropologists remain committed to understanding and addressing the complex social, cultural, and environmental issues that shape our world today.
