240V AC to 12V DC Power Supply Circuit Diagram
Introduction
In this article, we will discuss the design and implementation of a 240V AC to 12V DC power supply circuit diagram. This type of power supply is commonly used in electronic devices such as computers, televisions, and other household appliances that require a stable 12V DC power source.
Circuit Diagram
The 240V AC to 12V DC power supply circuit diagram consists of a transformer, a bridge rectifier, and a voltage regulator. The circuit diagram is as follows:
Transformer
The transformer is used to step down the 240V AC input voltage to a lower voltage level that can be safely handled by the rectifier and regulator circuits. The transformer used in this circuit has a turns ratio of 20:1, which means that the output voltage will be 1/20th of the input voltage.
Bridge Rectifier
The bridge rectifier is used to convert the AC output of the transformer to DC voltage. The bridge rectifier consists of four diodes (D1-D4) connected in a diamond configuration. The output of the bridge rectifier is a pulsating DC voltage.
Voltage Regulator
The voltage regulator is used to regulate the output voltage of the power supply to a stable 12V DC. In this circuit, we use a 7812 voltage regulator IC, which is a commonly used regulator IC for voltage regulation.
Circuit Diagram
Here is the complete circuit diagram:
+-----------+
| |
| 240V AC |
| |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| Transformer |
| (20:1 turns |
| ratio) |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| Bridge |
| Rectifier |
| (D1-D4) |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| C1 |
| (100uF) |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| R1 |
| (1kΩ) |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| 7812 |
| Voltage |
| Regulator |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| C2 |
| (10uF) |
+-----------+
|
|
v
+-----------+
| |
| 12V DC |
| Output |
+-----------+
Component List
Here is a list of components required to build this power supply circuit:
- Transformer (20:1 turns ratio)
- Diodes (D1-D4)
- Capacitors (C1, C2)
- Resistor (R1)
- 7812 voltage regulator IC
- Breadboard and jumper wires
Conclusion
In this article, we have discussed the design and implementation of a 240V AC to 12V DC power supply circuit diagram. This circuit is suitable for powering electronic devices that require a stable 12V DC power source. With the correct components and a well-designed circuit, this power supply can provide a reliable and efficient power source for your projects.
