10% NaOH Solution: Properties, Preparation, and Applications
Introduction
A 10% NaOH solution, also known as sodium hydroxide solution, is a strong alkaline solution commonly used in various industries and laboratory settings. It is a colorless, odorless, and highly corrosive liquid that plays a crucial role in many chemical reactions and processes.
Properties of 10% NaOH Solution
Physical Properties:
- Appearance: Colorless, transparent liquid
- Odor: Odorless
- Density: 1.13 g/cm³ at 20°C
- Solubility: Soluble in water, but insoluble in organic solvents
- Boiling Point: 138.8°C at 760 mmHg
- Melting Point: 12.3°C at 760 mmHg
Chemical Properties:
- pH: Highly alkaline, pH 14
- ** Reactivity:** Highly reactive, especially with acidic substances
- Stability: Unstable in the presence of air, moisture, and light
Preparation of 10% NaOH Solution
To prepare a 10% NaOH solution, you will need:
- Sodium hydroxide pellets (NaOH)
- Distilled water
- A magnetic stirrer or glass stirring rod
- A measuring cylinder or volumetric flask
Steps:
- Weigh out the required amount of sodium hydroxide pellets (NaOH) to prepare a 10% solution. For example, to prepare 100 mL of 10% NaOH solution, you will need 10 grams of NaOH.
- Add distilled water to the measuring cylinder or volumetric flask to a volume of 90 mL.
- Slowly add the weighed NaOH pellets to the water while stirring continuously with a magnetic stirrer or glass stirring rod.
- Stir until the NaOH pellets are completely dissolved, and the solution is clear and homogeneous.
- Label and store the prepared 10% NaOH solution in a suitable container, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
Applications of 10% NaOH Solution
10% NaOH solution has a wide range of applications in various industries, including:
Laboratory Applications:
- As a strong base in acid-base titrations
- In the synthesis of various organic and inorganic compounds
- As a cleaning agent for laboratory equipment
Industrial Applications:
- In the manufacturing of paper, textiles, and detergents
- In the production of soap and other personal care products
- As a catalyst in the petroleum industry
- In the treatment of wastewater and industrial effluents
Safety Precautions:
- Wear protective gloves, safety goggles, and a face mask when handling 10% NaOH solution.
- Avoid direct contact with skin and eyes, as it can cause severe burns and irritation.
- Handle the solution in a well-ventilated area, away from direct sunlight and moisture.
- In case of spills, neutralize with an acid, such as acetic acid, and rinse with plenty of water.
By following the proper preparation and handling procedures, a 10% NaOH solution can be a valuable tool in various laboratory and industrial applications.
