1 Peter 1:1-5 Commentary
The Elect Exiles
In 1 Peter 1:1-5, the apostle Peter addresses his letter to the elect exiles of the dispersion, setting the tone for the rest of the epistle. This passage serves as an introduction to the book, establishing the theme of hope and encouraging believers to stay faithful amidst persecution.
The Addressees
1 Peter 1:1: "Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ, to the pilgrims of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia..."
The recipients of Peter's letter are described as "pilgrims of the Dispersion." The term "dispersion" (διασπορά, diaspora) refers to the scattering of Jews outside of Israel, but Peter broadens this concept to include all believers, Jewish and Gentile alike, who are scattered throughout the world. These believers are "elect exiles," chosen by God but living in a foreign land, awaiting their eternal inheritance.
The Basis of Election
1 Peter 1:2: "elect according to the foreknowledge of God the Father, in sanctification of the Spirit, for obedience and sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ:"
Peter attributes the election of believers to the foreknowledge of God the Father, emphasizing that salvation is a sovereign act of God. The phrase "in sanctification of the Spirit" highlights the work of the Holy Spirit in setting believers apart for God. The "sprinkling of the blood of Jesus Christ" is a reference to the atoning sacrifice of Christ, which provides the basis for salvation.
The Result of Election
1 Peter 1:3-5: "Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ, who according to His abundant mercy has begotten us again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, to an inheritance incorruptible and undefiled and that does not fade away, reserved in heaven for you, who are kept by the power of God through faith for salvation ready to be revealed in the last time."
The result of election is a "living hope" (ζῶν ἐλπίς), a hope that is alive and active, founded on the resurrection of Jesus Christ. This hope is reserved in heaven, awaiting the believer's arrival. The phrase "who are kept by the power of God" is a reminder that believers are secured by God's power, ensuring their ultimate salvation.
Conclusion
In 1 Peter 1:1-5, Peter establishes the foundation of the Christian faith, emphasizing the sovereignty of God in salvation and the hope of eternal inheritance. This passage serves as a reminder that believers are elect exiles, chosen by God and secured by His power, awaiting the revelation of their salvation in the last time.
