Preparation of 0.1 N HCl Solution in 1000 mL: A Step-by-Step Calculation
Hydrochloric acid (HCl) is a strong acid commonly used in various laboratory applications. In many cases, a specific concentration of HCl solution is required for a particular experiment or reaction. In this article, we will guide you through the preparation of a 0.1 Normal (N) HCl solution in 1000 mL, with a step-by-step calculation.
What is Normality (N)?
Normality (N) is a unit of concentration that represents the number of equivalents of a solute per liter of solution. For acids, one equivalent is the amount of acid that can donate one mole of H+ ions. In the case of HCl, one equivalent is equal to one mole of HCl.
Calculating the Amount of HCl Required
To prepare a 0.1 N HCl solution, we need to calculate the amount of HCl required to achieve this concentration. The formula to calculate the amount of HCl is:
Amount of HCl (in grams) = (Normality x Volume in liters x Equivalent weight) / 1000
Where:
- Normality (N) = 0.1
- Volume in liters = 1 L (1000 mL)
- Equivalent weight of HCl = 36.46 g/mol (since HCl has one equivalent per mole)
Now, let's plug in the values:
Amount of HCl (in grams) = (0.1 x 1 L x 36.46 g/mol) / 1000 Amount of HCl (in grams) = 3.646 g
Preparation of 0.1 N HCl Solution
To prepare the 0.1 N HCl solution:
- Weigh 3.646 g of HCl (37% concentration) accurately using a balance.
- Dissolve the weighed HCl in approximately 500 mL of distilled water in a beaker.
- Mix the solution thoroughly until the HCl is completely dissolved.
- Dilute the solution to 1000 mL by adding distilled water.
- Mix the solution again to ensure uniform concentration.
Verification
To verify the concentration of the prepared HCl solution, you can perform a titration experiment using a strong base like NaOH and a suitable indicator.
Conclusion
In this article, we have demonstrated the step-by-step calculation and preparation of a 0.1 N HCl solution in 1000 mL. By following these instructions, you should be able to prepare an accurate HCl solution for your laboratory needs. Remember to handle HCl with caution, as it is a corrosive and toxic substance.
